Assertion (A) Noctilucent clouds are located in the mesosphere.
    Reason (R): The mesosphere is also the region of the ionosphere known as the D layer.    
    
(a) If (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(b) If (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(c) If (A) is true but (R) is false
(d) If (A) is false but (R) is true

Which of the following statement is / are correct

(a) The mesosphere lies above the maximum altitude for aircraft and below the minimum altitude for orbital spacecraft.    
(b) It has only been accessed through the use of sounding rockets.
(c) It is the most poorly understood part of the atmosphere.    
(d) All the above    

 Assertion (A) : Within the mesosphere, temperature decreases with increasing altitude.    
    Reason (R) : This is due to decreasing solar heating and increasing cooling by CO2 radiative emission
(a) If (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)    
(b) If (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explaination of (A)    
(c) If (A) is true but (R) is false    
(d) If (A) is false but (R) is true    

Which of the following layer of the atmosphere has electricity conducting layers which make short wave radio transmission possible long distances ?    


(a) Mesopause    
(b) Stratopause    
(c) Isothermal layer    
(d) Ionosphere    

Which of the following statement is/are correct about Stratosphere

(a This layer extends from an average altitude of 11 to 50 kilometers above the Earth's surface
(b) This stratosphere contains about 19.9% of the total mass found in the atmosphere
(c) Very little weather occurs in the stratosphere
(d) All the above

In Shivaji's council of Ministers the Prime Minister was called—

(a) Peshwa
(b) Sachiv
(c) Mantri
(d) Sumanta